Sanger Sequencing

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Sanger Sequencing, also known as the "chain-termination method", was developed in 1977 by Frederick Sanger and colleageus, and is still considered as the gold standard of sequencing technology today since it has a high detection flux and covers a a large number of targets, and the flexibility to support a diverse range of applications in many research areas, such as respiratory pathogen detection, HPV detection and so on.

Next Generation Sequencing

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Next Generation Sequencing, also known as NGS, it can generate flux data covering specific regions of the genome, from several genes to hundreds of genes, including exons, transcriptomes, or the entire genome, simultaneously obtaining molecular detection results of multiple genes, loci, and variants, achieving the goal of large-scale and high-throughput sequencing. This is a revolutionary progress after Sanger Sequencing. In recent years, NGS technology has developed rapidly, and its application has progressed to clinical testing, such as non-invasive prenatal, genetic diseases, tumor detection, etc.

Quantitative Real-time PCR

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Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technology, refers to the method of monitoring the PCR process in real time by accumulating   fluorescent signal from fluorescent groups in the PCR reaction system and finally quantitative analyze of unknown templates via the standard curve. TaqMan is characterized by great sensitivity, good specificity, high throughput, and automation, which is often used for detection in clinical application, such as the diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of infectious diseases, tumor diagnosis and detection, and genetic testing, etc.

ddPCR

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Droplet Digital PCR also knowed as ddPCR involves distributing reaction solutions containing RNA or DNA templates into a large number of independent reaction chambers and undergoing amplification reactions, and achieving absolute quantification of nucleic acid molecules based on Poisson distribution and positive droplet ratio. ddPCR is widely used in low-frequency mutation detection and is gradually being applied in pathogen and infectious disease detection. There are currently two mainstream forms: water in oil ddPCR and chip microporous ddPCR, and there are also many digital PCR instruments available on the market for selection.

Nucleic Acid Mass Spectrometry

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Mass Spectrometry is a precision device that accurately detects "quality". Nucleic Acid Mass Spectrometry has become another emerging platform for molecular diagnostics after PCR and NGS, and it is like a high-precision balance that can differentiate the quality difference of individual bases. When nucleic acid mutation occurs, the molecular quality of DNA will be changed. Nucleic Acid Mass Spectrometry can accurately identify through the precise analysis of this quality change, which can detect polymorphisms and mutations in genes, as well as chemical modifications of nucleic acids, and quantitatively analyze copy number variations and modification levels.

Biocompatibility

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Biocompatibility refers to the ability of a material to perform with an appropriate host response when implanted or introduced into the body. Generally, biological evalutaion of medical devices is required to conduct by adhering to ISO 10993 (GB/T 16886) standards. Biocompatibility assessment can be categorized according to the contact site, contact mode, contact duration and intended purpose. The biological evaluation includes tests related to the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, sensitization, irritation, acute and chronic toxicity, hemocompatibility, reproductive and developmental toxicity, carcinogenicity, implantation and degradation.